Tire replacement Tire markings Depending on the year of manufacture, tires have different markings: In the old markings - for example, 185/70HR14 - the letter designation of the maximum...
Tire pressure Tire type Tire pressure (bar) Front wheels Rear wheels P235/65R18104T 2,3 2,3 T165/90D18107M 4,2 4,2
Wheel disc runout To measure the runout of a wheel disc, use a dial indicator. In this case, the wheel can remain on the car or be removed. In the latter case, the wheel must be secured...
Wheel balancing on a car Balancing wheels without removing them from the vehicle eliminates wheel vibrations caused by unbalanced brake drums, discs, and wheel trims. When balancing wheels...
Repair of defects in aluminum wheels Remove the wheel from the car. Locate air leaks by inflating the tire to 3.45 bar and submerging the wheel in a container of water. Mark the leaky areas and remove the...
Restoring the protective coating of aluminum wheels The cast aluminum wheels are coated with a clear or colored protective coating. When the integrity of the protective coating is compromised, the wheel material begins to...
Tire diagnostics Uneven premature wear Many causes cause uneven and premature wear. Some of them are: suboptimal tire pressure, uneven rotation, insufficient driver skills, imperfect...
Tire pressure monitoring system System Description System details 1 - buzzer; 2 — tire pressure monitoring system control unit; 3 - display; 4 - antenna; 5 — control lamp (indicator); 6 — transmitter....
Tire condition diagnostics Sign of malfunction Possible causes/solutions 1 2 Uneven and rapid wear Uneven and rapid tread wear can be caused by various reasons, such as: too low or too high air...