The system functions as follows. The coolant is supplied by a water pump to the cylinder block and cylinder head, flowing through the intake manifold, stove radiator and carburetor into the thermostat housing.
When the engine is not warm, coolant flows back from the thermostat housing to the water pump. When the coolant reaches a certain temperature, the thermostat opens and coolant flows through the top hose into the radiator. While the coolant is circulating through the radiator, it is cooled by the airflow as the vehicle moves. If necessary, an electric fan also helps to cool the liquid. After reaching the bottom of the radiator, the liquid cools and the cycle repeats again.
At normal engine operating temperature, the coolant expands and some of it flows through a thin hose connected to the radiator filler cap into the expansion tank. After the system has cooled, the collected coolant in the reservoir returns to the radiator.
On some models, the coolant also passes through the oil cooler.
Electric fan (fans) cooling located in front of the radiator is controlled by a thermostat switch. At a certain coolant temperature, the switch turns on the fan.
Attention! Do not attempt to remove the radiator filler cap or rearrange any part of the cooling system while the engine is hot, as there is a high risk of burns. If the radiator filler cap must be removed before the engine and radiator are completely cool (although it is not recommended), first of all, it is necessary that the pressure in the cooling system drops. To avoid burns, cover the cover with a thick piece of cloth and slowly unscrew it until a hiss is heard. When the hiss stops, indicating that the pressure has dropped, continue to slowly unscrew the cap until it can be removed. If the hissing continues, wait until it has completely disappeared. At all times when opening the cork, try to keep your face and hands at a safe distance.
Attention! Do not allow antifreeze to get on your skin or on the painted surface of the car. Rinse spilled liquid immediately with water. Never let antifreeze sit near you in an open container or form a puddle on the driveway or garage floor. Children and pets are attracted to the pleasant smell of antifreeze, and if ingested, it can be fatal.
Attention! If the motor is hot, the electric fan may start to rotate even if the motor is not running. Watch your hands, hair, loose clothing when operating the motor.
Attention! See subsection 5.2 for precautions when working with models equipped with air conditioning.