Purifiers
Cleaner for injection systems and air dampers is a potent solvent for tar, soot and coal deposits. Most cleaners leave behind a dry-type lubricating film that does not harden or tar over time. It is precisely because of the formation of such a film that these cleaners are not recommended for washing electrical components.
Brake cleaner used to remove traces of grease and brake fluid from the surfaces of brake system components, where absolute cleanliness is paramount for efficient operation. The cleaner leaves no residue and in many cases eliminates the squeal of brakes caused by contamination of their components.
Cleaner for electrical components helps to eliminate oxide films, traces of corrosion and deposits from contact surfaces without disturbing electrical conductivity. It can also be used to clean spark plugs, jets, voltage regulators and other components where complete removal of oil and grease is desired.
Dehumidifiers serve to remove water and moisture from the surfaces of electrical components such as a generator, voltage regulator, fuse box, electrical connectors, etc. Dehumidifiers are generally non-conductive, non-corrosive, and non-flammable.
Degreasers are super-strong solvents and are used to remove traces of grease from the outer surfaces of the engine and chassis components. Available in the form of aerosols or applied with a brush or brush and, depending on the type, washed off with either water or a solvent.
Lubricants
Engine oils are specially formulated formulations for lubricating internal engine components. They usually contain a wide range of various additives that serve to prevent foaming and corrosion. Engine oils are produced in various degrees of viscosity - from 5 to 80. The need to use one or another grade of oil is usually determined by climatic conditions and the requirements of a particular engine. Liquid (lungs) oils typically used in cold climates and light engine loads. Heavy (viscous) oils used in hot conditions and under increased engine loads. Multigrade oils have the characteristics of both light and heavy oils and are usually designated 5W-20 to 20W-50.
The quality of motor oils
Multigrade oils are relatively inexpensive oils with the following qualities:
- Year-round use in temperate climate zones;
- Excellent washing properties;
- Good lubricity at all temperatures and engine loads;
- High stability of initial properties for a long time.
All-weather oils with improved anti-friction properties They also have additional advantages:
- Year-round use in a wide range of outdoor temperatures;
- Small engine power losses due to friction;
- Facilitates cold start of the engine – even at very low temperatures.
Note. When using multigrade oils SAE 5W-30, prolonged operation of the engine at high speed and constant heavy load on the engine should be avoided. These restrictions do not apply to multigrade oils with improved antifriction properties.
Note. Seasonal oils, due to their specific viscosity-temperature properties, usually cannot be used all year round, they should only be used in extreme climatic zones.
Use of additives and blending of oils
No additives should be added to engine oils that reduce friction losses.
Unfortunately, it is impossible to mix motor oils, even if these are oils from firms «with a worldwide reputation» (Shell, Mobil, British Petroleum). Each company in the production of oils adds to their base a whole range of additives, the chemical composition of which is kept secret. Therefore, many high-quality oils of the same purpose that meet the requirements of API specifications (US Petroleum Institute) and ACEA (European Association of Automobile Designers), but manufactured using the technologies of various companies, when mixed, they are able to create low-quality mixtures due to the interaction and mutual destruction of additives, that is, their «incompatibility». Oils from different companies are interchangeable, the possibility of using such oils is often indicated by engine developers. But that doesn't mean they can be mixed. API and ACEA specifications require the same test methods (laboratory, bench - motor, etc.) oils from different companies. If desired (or need) developers can introduce additional tests (or more stringent conditions). The same applies to mixing mineral or synthetic oils (sometimes even the same company).
Mix oils of foreign and domestic production, especially those made with the additive «domestic» additives are not allowed at least. Neither the seller nor the consumer knows the composition of the additives that are in the oils. Some oils «domestic origin» produced «firms», who do not even have basic knowledge of petroleum products. Sometimes like this «specialists» waste oils are used (even without proper regeneration) to production «commodity». At the same time, the corresponding quality.
Trying to reduce oil burn in an old engine and increase cylinder compression by using high-viscosity oils is not practical, as this will only lead to a temporary improvement. In the future, engine repairs will cost more.
It should be a rule to use a high-quality engine oil of the same brand that is suitable for the engine (according to specification) and not risk mixing it with the same synthetic (or semi-synthetic) oil. The engine will thank for this reliable work. Do not buy oil from your hands, as the packaging is easy to fake.
Transmission oil Designed for use in differentials, transmissions, and other applications where high temperature resistance is required.
Grease for chassis components and wheel bearings is a grease used in high stress and friction applications such as wheel bearings, suspension ball joints, tie rod ends and universal joints.
High temperature wheel bearing grease able to withstand the high temperatures that occur in the wheel bearings of vehicles equipped with disc brakes. This is usually a MoS2 lubricant.
white grease (cyatim) is a thick lubricant applied to metal surfaces in contact with each other in places where there are problems with increased moisture. Remains soft at both low and high temperatures, does not wash out or thin with water.
assembly lubricant used at high pressures, usually contains molybdenum and is used to lubricate components subject to increased loads (such as main and connecting rod bearings and cam lugs) before the first start of the engine after a major overhaul.
Silicone lubricants used to protect rubber, plastic, vinyl and nylon components.
Graphite lubricants are used where oil cannot be used due to contamination problems (e.g. in castles). Dry graphite perfectly lubricates metal parts, preventing them from being exposed to moisture, acids and other aggressive contaminants. The lubricant is electrically conductive and does not interfere with contact in such components as, for example, the ignition switch.
Molybdenum-containing penetrating compounds used to facilitate giving "stuck" fasteners, as well as for lubricating fasteners to prevent future corrosion.
Thermally conductive lubricant is non-conductive and is used to install electronic ignition modules, which require intensive heat dissipation.
Sealants
Sealant RTV is the most widely used gasket sealant. Silicon-based, air-drying, seals, adheres, is water-resistant, fills surface defects, remains elastic, does not shrink or shrink, is relatively easy to remove and is used in addition to almost all gaskets on nodes where temperatures do not exceed average values.
anaerobic sealant, unlike RTV sealant, it can be used not only in addition to gaskets, but also to form them. It remains flexible, resistant to solvents and fills uneven surfaces well. The main difference from RTV sealant lies in the curing conditions. If RTV Sealant begins to cure after being exposed to air, anaerobic sealant will only set in the absence of air. This means that the hardening of such a sealant occurs only after the components are assembled and pressed tightly against each other.
Sealant for pipes and threaded connections used for sealing fitting connections of hydraulic, pneumatic and vacuum lines. Usually made with a Teflon compound and supplied as an aerosol, tape (FUM) or liquids applied like paint.
Chemicals
Anti-tack compound serves to warn "sticking", corrosion, jamming and cold welding fasteners. High temperature anti-seize sealants are usually made with copper or graphite based lubricants and are used in exhaust system and exhaust manifold fasteners.
Anaerobic tack compounds serve to prevent spontaneous release of fasteners under the influence of vibrations and harden only after installation in the absence of contact with air. Medium-strength tack compounds are used to fix small fasteners that are subject to regular release. High strength compounds are typically used to block large fasteners that are not released on a regular basis.
Oil additives serve to change the chemical properties of the oil without changing its viscosity in order to reduce internal friction in the engine. It should be noted that most manufacturers of motor oils do not recommend the use of any additives to them.
Fuel additives perform several functions at once, depending on their chemical composition. They usually contain solvents that contribute to the removal of slag and the removal of carbon deposits from the internal surfaces and components of the fuel injection system and the intake tract. In addition, the use of such additives helps to remove coal deposits that form on the walls of combustion chambers. Some additives contain substances that serve to lubricate the components of the upper part of the cylinder head (valve train, piston rings), others help to remove condensate from the walls of the fuel tank.
Other
Brake fluid is a specially designed compound that can withstand the high temperatures and pressures that occur in the brake system. Do not allow brake fluid to come into contact with painted surfaces of the vehicle or exposed areas of the body. Brake fluid is poisonous. Keep brake fluid in a sealed container to prevent moisture from getting into it (liquid is very hygroscopic) and dirt. During the operation of the car, the brake fluid takes a certain amount of water from the surrounding air, which can lead to corrosion of parts of the service brake system. In addition, this significantly lowers the boiling point of the brake fluid, making it more likely that vapor bubbles will form when the brake system is heavily loaded, and therefore the likelihood of brake failure is increased. Therefore, the brake fluid should be changed once a year. Use brake fluid that meets vehicle specifications.
Adhesive for fastening the sealing strips of body openings, as its name implies, it is used to fasten the sealing strips of door openings, windows and luggage compartment covers. It can be used for fixing elements of interior decoration.
Anti-corrosion coating for the bottom of the car is a tar-like composition made on an oil basis, and serves as a protective coating for metal surfaces, preventing their corrosion. In addition, it performs the function of soundproofing the cabin.
Waxes and polishes used to protect painted surfaces from environmental influences. Different types of paint may require the use of different types of waxes and polishes. Some polishes contain abrasive or chemical additives to remove the outer layer of oxides (tarnishing) from the painted surfaces of old cars. Recently, various kinds of wax-free polishes have been widely introduced on the market, which include many chemical additives, such as polymers or silicon-based substances. These polishes are usually easier to apply and last longer than regular polishes (wax).